Three phase open-loop stepper motor (standard type) is a commonly used type of stepper motor, which usually consists of a stator and a rotor, and controls the rotation angle and speed of the motor by receiving pulse signals. The following is a detailed analysis of the three-phase open-loop stepper motor (standard type):
1、 Basic Definition
Three phase stepper motor: refers to a stepper motor with three phase windings inside the motor. Each phase winding is energized in sequence, generating a rotating magnetic field that drives the rotor to rotate.
Open loop control: Open loop stepper motors do not require position feedback devices, and only control the operation of the motor through the input pulse signal. This control method is simple, but its accuracy is greatly affected by external interference.
Standard type: usually refers to stepper motors that meet certain industry standards or general specifications, with wide applicability and interchangeability.
2、 Main parameters
Step angle: corresponding to a pulse signal, the angular displacement of the motor rotor rotation. The step angle of three-phase stepper motors is usually small, such as 1.2 °, 1.8 °, etc., depending on the design and manufacturing of the motor.
Maintain torque: refers to the torque at which the stator locks the rotor when the stepper motor is powered on but not rotating. The magnitude of maintaining torque directly affects the load capacity of the motor.
Rated current and voltage: The current and voltage required for a motor to operate at rated load. These parameters determine the driving requirements and power consumption of the motor.
Phase inductance and phase resistance: parameters that reflect the characteristics of motor windings and have a certain impact on the dynamic performance and efficiency of the motor.
3、 Working principle
The working principle of a three-phase open-loop stepper motor is based on electromagnetic induction and pulse control. When a pulse signal is input to the motor driver, the internal logic circuit of the driver will control the three phase windings of the motor to be powered forward or backward at a certain timing. This change in the sequence of power on causes the motor output shaft to rotate in steps at a certain angle. By controlling the number and direction of pulse signals, precise control of the motor's rotation angle and speed can be achieved.
4、 Characteristics and advantages
High precision: Due to the small step angle, three-phase open-loop stepper motors can achieve high control accuracy.
High torque: Compared to small-sized stepper motors, three-phase stepper motors typically have a larger holding torque, making them suitable for applications that require larger loads.
Low noise: The three-phase stepper motor has relatively low noise during operation, making it suitable for occasions with noise requirements.
Good stability: Although open-loop control is simple, it is already stable enough in many application scenarios to meet basic control requirements.
Low manufacturing cost: Due to the absence of position feedback devices, the manufacturing cost of three-phase open-loop stepper motors is relatively low.
5、 Application Fields
Three phase open-loop stepper motors (standard type) are widely used in various automation and mechanical equipment, such as packaging machines, CNC machine tools, textile machinery, automation equipment, robots, etc. These devices typically require precise position control and lower cost investment, and three-phase open-loop stepper motors perfectly meet these requirements.
6、 Precautions
Choose the appropriate driver: Ensure the compatibility between the driver and the motor to achieve the best control effect and performance.
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